Today’s question was sent in from Tom from Tottenville (Staten Island, NY) who asks “Where does the dryness in wine comes from?”.
Part 1: Dryness in Red wines
Part 2: Dryness in White wines
Video sum up: Where does the dryness in wine comes from?
In red wines the dryness is the result of tannins.
“The tannins in wine are from two sources: firstly from the grape seeds, skins and stems, and secondly from the oak barrels (typically Quercus petraea or “French oak”) in which wine is made.” (Wikipedia)
Over time the tannins allow the wine to mature.
In white wines essentially it is the absence of sugar.
Wine like Pinot Grigio, Chardonnay are dry because they don’t have a lot of sugar.
Today’s question was sent in by Mike from Astoria who asks “What are you supposed to do with the cork when the sommelier or waiter hands it to you during service?”.
Video sum up: at a restaurant what are you supposed to do when the server hands you the cork?
You can do whatever you want. Unless you are a highly educated wine person there is really not much you will be able to say from the cork itself. You can smell it, you can feel it (moist vs dry) but in general it is only an old fashioned process of wine serviced.
Today’s question was sent in by Madeleine from Manhattan who asks “How long does wine last once opened? How to conserve wine to last longer once opened?”.
Video sum up: How to conserve wine to last longer once opened?
To conserve wine you have to prevent air from coming in contact with the wine itself. Wine will turn to vinegar if left exposed to air. To do so you need to use a very simple pump to to remove air from the bottle. This kind of technology is also used by restaurants.
After pumping the air, keep the white wine in the refrigirator and the red wine in a dark and cool place.
Other more sophisticated device / method also exist:
Carbon dioxide method
very expensive refrigirated devices
If you use a pump you can easily conserve your wine a couple of days
Video sum up: What is the origin of the word cabernet?
After a little reasearch we found an interesting etymology and history on the CNRTL website (in french)
Étymol. et Hist. 1866 (Lar. 19e). Terme du Médoc, peut-être dér. du lat. caput, désignant un cépage de vigne noire qu’on appelait au Moyen Âge vitis biturica (A. Cavignac, Les Noms de lieux du canton de Blanquefort [Gironde], thèse de l’École Nationale des Chartes, 1968, 3 vol. dactyl., t. 1, pp. 205-206); v. aussi R. Dion, Hist. de la vigne et du vin en France des origines au XIXe s., Paris, 1959, pp. 124-125; FEW t. 22, fasc. no 138, p. 67a.
In this article we learn that the word cabernet comes from the Medoc (Bordeaux region, France) and seems to be derivated from the latin word “caput” which means black vine. The first use of the word Cabernet seems to be in a piece of litterature published in 1866. Interestingly enough 1866 was 11 years after the 1855 Bordeaux Classification so it seems to make sense.
Cabernet Sauvignon seems to be “the offspring of Cabernet franc and Sauvignon blanc and was most likely a chance crossing that occurred in the 17th century” (Wikipedia)
The origin of the expression itself is uncertain
“For many years, the origin of Cabernet Sauvignon was not clearly understood and many myths and conjectures surrounded it. The word “Sauvignon” is believed to be derived from the French sauvage meaning “wild” and to refer to the grape being a wild Vitis vinifera vine native to France. Until recently the grape was rumoured to have ancient origins, perhaps even being the Biturica grape used to make ancient Roman wine and referenced by Pliny the Elder. This belief was widely held in the 18th century, when the grape was also known as Petite Vidure or Bidure, apparently a corruption of Biturica. There was also belief that Vidure was a reference to the hard wood (French vigne dure) of the vine, with a possible relationship to Carménère which was once known as Grand Vidure.[2] Other theories were that the grapevine originated in the Rioja region of Spain.[3]” (Wikipedia)
Today’s question was sent in by William from Dumbo who asks “What are the basic rules to pair wine and food?”.
Video sum up: What are the basic rules to pair wine and food?
Jeremy’s first advice is: drink what you want, what you like and experiment your own wine and food pairing.
After to help you pairing wine and food, many people recommand to drink:
white wines with poultry, vegetables, salads…
red wines with beef, lamb, heavier fair, barbecue…
the wine from where the food comes from (biodynamic rule). For example a cassoulet would be great with a wine from Cahors (like this Malbec)
a wine that will not overpower the food (especially if it is a very delicate food like sushi) or the other way. Try for example asian foods with riesling or with residual sugar wine to combat the spiciness.
Today’s question was sent in by Mindie from lower Manhattan who asks “Why should you use a decanter and how do you choose a decanter?”.
Video sum up: Why should you use a decanter and how do you choose a decanter?
Basically, a decanter is a device in which you pour wine.
Why / When should you use a decanter?
It is a lot of a ceremony, it looks nice and it is a special container for special wines
If a wine is old it is going to have sediments in it. When you decant a wine try to leave the sedminents in the bottle
If a wine is young it needs aeration and decanting is a good way to provide this aeration
How to choose a decanter?
When you choose your decanter make sure your decanter:
is stable,
is easy to hold
has a wide mouth in order to easily pour the wine in it
When you have a decanter which respect these three practical criteria, your choice will be based on aesthetic and how much you would like to spend. Decanter could cost from a couple of bucks to hundreds of dollars.
You could find a selection of decanter here for example.